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Question: Discuss about the Organizational Issue in Wal-Mart. Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior is the study of individual actions in terms of managerial situations. It includes the study of persons, groups as well as entire association in order to evaluate the activities and performance. The study of organizational behavior focuses on different managerial behaviors for achieving organizational goals and purposes. The theories of organizational behavior are helpful in searching different ways to attain the objectives. By maintaining positive culture, organizations are able to motivate the workforce (Arvinen-Muondo Perkins, 2013). Organizational behavior is an efficient approach to interrelate with the staff within the company. The organizational behavior discloses the operational atmosphere of the organization and permits people to behave morally and graciously with each other. This report identifies the issues related to organizational behavior faced by the company in the vibrant business environment. An organization is chosen for discussing the issue specifically and at the end of the report, suggestions are provided in order to resolution the issue (French Schermerhorn, 2008). Key objective of this report is to identify the key issues of management in an organization. For discussion, Wal-Mart is selected. This report categorizes various perception of the employees by which organization is facing issues to keep them motivated. The report identifies specific behavior of people in the company by which they are not satisfied with their job. Key objective of this report is to examine the approach and performance of the human resources and to offer recommendations for enhancing the performance of the employees (Lovelock, Wirtz Chatterjee, 2011). Organizational behavior issues in Wal-Mart Currently, the dynamic business environment has to deal with various challenges. The needs and motivating factors are changing continuously because of the shift in socio-economic structure and multicultural approach in the business. Now, managing the employees to enhance the organizational performance is major challenge for the organizations. Wal-Mart is also encountering some issues related to organizational behavior. It is found that the employees in the organization are motivated because of various reasons. In the Wal-Mart, main issue in the organization is that management is facing the problem as there is not enthusiasm among the employees. Because of the lack of enthusiasm, people are not able to achieve their best to achieve organizational objective effectively (Galliers Leidner, 2014). Low wages and employee dissatisfaction The slogan of Wal-Mart is save more, live better. It is observed that company is focusing on this factor on its employees. There are around 2.2 million employees working in 9,000 stores. Wages rate at Wal-Mart is drastically low as compared to its competitors. The administration of Wal-Mart is managing the cost cutting actions in the insistent way. It is reducing the employee benefits along with the wages provided by the company. Each and every business organization adopts various strategies in order to maximize the profit. In this manner, cost cutting is the popular way by managing labor cost. But, Wal-Mart has not accepted and executed this strategy efficiently. The regular wages of the lowest salaried employees in Wal-Mart is $18,720 if the worker is working for 40 hours per week and 52 weeks in a year. But the regular pay of employees is observed to be $9 per hour and it is observed that employees are working around 34 hours per week. So, their annual salary is estimated to be $1 5,500. The result is that employees are dissatisfied in the company. The work disturbances are majorly generated by low wages rate in Wal-Mart. Literature review It is analyzed that Wal-Mart is facing issues in terms of low wages and employee dissatisfaction. Employees in the company are not satisfied as they are not getting proper salaries and wages for their job. The company needs to motivate its employees for improving overall works performance. According to Maslow Need Hierarchy, the first psychological need of individual is to be satisfied. The psychological needs lead a person to get occupied with the job in order to ensure regular earning (Nicolini, 2012). The key aim of employment is to satisfy the basic needs of the employees within the organization. Lower wages in Wal-Mart is not proper in order to meet the psychological needs of the employees. They need to avail food stamp and money to maintain their livelihood. So, company is not able to meet the primary requirements of the employees. Employees are not satisfied and it can be seen in their performance (Aladwan, Bhanugopan DNetto, 2015). According to Herzbergs Two Factor Motivation Theory, there are two factors related to the motivation of the employees in the organization. It is observed that hygiene factors includes procedures and policies of the company i.e. management and supervision, working conditions, job security and salary and interpersonal relations. Because of absence of these hygiene factors, there is high level of dissatisfaction among the employees in the company (Wright et al, 2005). Along with this, it also impact on the performance of the employees. It is observed that Wal-Mart is not providing proper salary to the employees which are one of the most important hygiene factors. Based on Herzbergs Two Factor Motivation, employees are dissatisfied and they are calling out for strikes in various stores. Because of the lack of motivation, employees of Wal-Mart employees are not able to do their job effectively. Thus, overall shopping experience of the customers is declining which has a potential impact on the financial performance of the company (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). Employee satisfaction and job culture- Job satisfaction is an approach towards work and organizational performance which depends upon staff satisfaction. People having high level of job contentment always grasp encouraging attitude towards the job role. On the other hand, if people are dissatisfied with their job then they hold negative attitudes towards job and organization. Employee satisfaction is the inmost concern in the business. Basically, employee satisfaction is related to the productivity which is then connected to the companys productivity. Employee satisfaction plays an important role in improving the firms profitability and enhancing organizational performance and equality of goods and services. There is no doubt that employee satisfaction impacts on the industry in order to achieve profitability and quality ((DuBrin, 2013). Job satisfaction is one of the most commonly searched variables in the organizational behavior, culture and other job-related phenomenon. Research has revealed that job satisfaction is the multidimensional fact affected by various internal and external factors i.e. individuals principles, principles, expectations and traits along with jobs nature and future opportunities. Hackman and Oldman (1975) formed a model of job satisfaction to explain the casual relation between the features of job and actions of employees. The relation is affected by three emotional circumstances i.e. skilled meaningfulness of work, accountability for the outcome of work and information for actual outcome of work. According to this theory, employees react positively to their work if they feel that their work is outstanding and they are accountable for their job performance (Robbins et al, 2013). The psychological situation is affected by basic work features i.e. skill variety, task identity and task signific ance. These variables describe the overall difficulty of the job which is called encouraging prospective. Various researches were conducted for defining and describing the dimensions of job satisfaction and employee motivation. There are various theories and models in the organizational behavior which can be used to address the challenges in the organization (Shurbagi Zahari, 2012). In order to address the organizational behavior issues, the organizational model will be efficient for the Wal-Mart as the models will be helpful for the managers to keep on associated with the staff and categorize the issues which are the cause of employee dissatisfaction in the job. The organizational model basically explains the effective ways to treat the staff and how to deal with their issues in the office. In the models of organizational behavior, managers collect information related to strategies and policies and report about outcomes. According to Pinder (2014), system model of organizational b ehavior should be followed by the management of Wal-Mart by focusing on the needs and behavior of the employees within the workplace. System model There are basic five models in the organizational behavior and in this, system model is the most effective and capable model amongst all those five model. Based on this model, managers should focus on the team situation and believe the employees important in the organization in terms of priorities, goals, potentials and talents. So, this is the best way to encourage the employees towards their organizational goals. All the employees need positive work environment, job security and good remunerations. According to Pettinger (2013), system model is the like a partnership between managers and employees of the organization so that organizational goals can be achieved effectively (Pettinger, 2013). Figure 1: Organizational Behavior Model (Source: Montano Kasprzyk, 2015) Companies must focus on the welfare and benefits of the employees by the inventive actions. Various initiatives must taken by the managers to enhance the approach of the employees towards their job. Companies must follow the system model in order to give positive operational environment to the employees and establish emotional relations with them. Analysis The study reveals that employee dissatisfaction is the big issue affecting the organizational performance of the employees. Employee dissatisfaction is the aspect by which employees are unable to manage with the team mates and it is impacting their performance within the workplace. Based on the described case issue, employees in Wal-Mart are not getting pay based on their work. So they are not satisfied with the management of the company. Employees are not provoked enough to perform their job role effectively. So, it is crucial to address this issue in order to success and growth in the future as this issue is affecting the brand image of Wal-Mart in the retail market. There are some potential resolutions for the company to conquer from the issue (Montano Kasprzyk, 2015). Wal-Mart should adopt various methods in order to motivate the employees. It is important to increase the moral of the employees so that they can provide their best to attain the organizational goals. In order to run the business effectively in the market, management of the company should identify the basic needs of the employees. If the employees have undisciplined and rigid behavior then it will directly impact on the working environment of the company. For this manner, performance appraisal will be an effective way to satisfy the employees in their job. According to the Montano and Kasprzyk (2015), managers in the company should provide financial reimbursement to the employees in order to keep them motivated towards the work. Further, to management of Wal-Mart must focus on developing positive work environment for the workers so that they do feel motivated within the company. Implementing system model Wal-Mart should basically focus on the welfare and benefits of the employees within the workplace. Wal-Mart should follow the system model of the organizational behavior in order to keep the employees satisfied and provide the positive working environment. For implanting the system model in Wal-Mart, management of the company must focus on some crucial factors i.e. attitudes, emotions, personality and motivation of the employees. The system model can be applied in the company based on the key factors of the organizational behavior i.e. structure, people, technology, and business environment etc (Price, 2007). In the case of Wal-Mart, it is analyzed that there is the gap between among the employees and top management of the company due to the lack of interaction and communication. This is the reason of unsuccessful accomplishments of the organizational goals. So, it is crucial for Wal-Mart is to fill the identified communication gap by appealing the employees in the decision making pr ocess and giving opportunities to them to allocate their ideas and viewpoints for the successful business. Further, lack of motivation is another point which must be addressed by Wal-Mart in order to enhance the performance and productivity level of the employees (Wheelen Hunger, 2011). Setting goals In case of Wal-Mart, managers need to set effective goals and objectives in order to satisfy the basic needs of the employees and keep them motivated for their job roles. Setting organizational behavior objectives means that clarifying the ideas, focusing with the efforts, using resources and time and implementing the change in order to achieve the goals in terms of satisfying the employees (Carton Hofer, 2010). In case of Wal-Mart, there is the lack of motivation and satisfaction level among the employees and this is affecting the performance of the company in the industry. Along with this, brand image of the company is also affected due to this issue. So, management must take satisfy the employees by paying them based on their working hours. There should an assessable extent to examine the development of the company. In case of Wal-Mart, managers must have effective measurements in order to analyze the psychological needs of the employees while working with the company. Along with this, managers should also use performance review system in order to Wal-Mart is losing its image in the industry because of the lack of communication and interaction between employees and top management. The result is that top administration of the company is not able to identify the basic needs of the employees. By satisfying the employees in monetary terms, Wal-Mart will be able to make best use of resources ( Snell Bohlander, 2012). Employee involvement Success employee involvement needs the managers to maintain and initiate the process of involvement and provide access of resources to the employees. In case of Wal-Mart, there is the need to involve the employees in the business activities and identify their potentials. There is the need to involve the employees in the business operations in order to meet the objectives. It is identified that employees are not satisfied with the management of Wal-Mart so the managers must facilitate employee involvement in order to recognize the value of each individual, understand human motivations, assign people to positions and listening them carefully. For motivating the employees, there are some models related to human behaviors i.e. Maslows hierarchy of needs and McClellands more contemporary model to enhance motivation (Itika, 2011). Conclusion The overall report describes the major organizational behavior issue in Wal-Mart. From the above discussion, it is observed that there is not positive working environment in Wal-Mart for employees. The organizational policies have failed to motivate the employees in order to enhance the performance. This part provides some recommendations which will address the organizational issues and will be effective in solving the current issue. Management of Wal-Mart must focus on offering standard wages to the employees so that their psychological needs can be satisfied. The salary of the employees must be increased along with the economic status of the operating market. Two-way communication system must be developed in the company so that employees can express their ideas and viewpoints in the decision making process. The effective organizational culture should be developed in order to support innovation and provide sufficient growth opportunities. For enhancing the morale of the employee, gender equality must be promoted. To make it effective, Wal-Mart needs to design anti-discrimination policy and apply that effectively. At last, reward and recognition policy should be redesign by the company to encourage the employees in achieving excellence. References Aladwan, K., Bhanugopan, R. 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